Research methodology in Sciences and humanities

Research Methodology in Science and Humanities is a comprehensive guide designed to help readers understand the fundamental principles and practices of research across two broad academic traditions. The book explores the philosophical foundations of research, including positivism, empiricism, interpretivism, and constructivism, and explains how these frameworks shape the way knowledge is produced in different fields. It presents key scientific methods such as experimentation, observation, surveys, and statistical modeling, while also covering humanistic approaches like historical research, textual analysis, hermeneutics, comparative studies, and critical analysis.
The book is structured to support learners at all levels—undergraduate students, postgraduate researchers, and academic professionals. Each chapter includes clear explanations, practical steps, illustrative examples, and guidance on selecting appropriate methods for specific research problems. Emphasis is placed on developing research skills such as literature review, hypothesis formulation, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and academic writing.
By integrating both scientific and humanistic perspectives, the book promotes interdisciplinary research and encourages readers to appreciate the diversity of methodologies available to them. Whether one is investigating natural phenomena or exploring human culture and ideas, this book provides the essential tools and insights needed to conduct meaningful and effective research.